1. During the Industrial Revolution, advancements in technology brought about changes in manufacturing, communication, and transportation that had a massive impact on many people's daily lives, many not for the better. Much of the American workforce shifted from farming work to the cities to work in factories, mills, and mines. Many of these technologies had not yet been perfected and were not always safe. The cities were crowded and for many, living conditions were poor. People worked up to twelve hours a day, six days a week without sick days or vacations. 2. There were no safety regulations, and people were fired from their jobs when they were injured on the job. Children were exploited for cheap labour and also because they could fit into places adults could not. Electricity was still very new and lighting was poor. Many people became sick from breathing in dust and industrial materials. There were always the possibilities of fire or explosion in factories that used flammable chemicals. These ongoing poor conditions, and the resulting sicknesses and deaths, drove workers in all industries to form the first labour unions. 3.A labour union is a large group of workers in the same field, leveraging their combined power to ensure that workers' rights are protected. The theory behind unions is simple: if one or two people complain, a factory owner can easily fire them. But if an entire workforce demands change and withdraws their labour until they get it, the factory owner has no choice but to listen. Labour unions fought for safer working conditions, equality, shorter work hours, and higher wages. On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the questions that follow: 1. Where did the American force shift during the industrial revolution? 2. State whether the statement is TRUE OR FALSE People worked for fourteen hours in a day. 3. The Industrial Revolution paved a way: a) for the working class to lead a comfortable life in the cities b) for the emergence of technology c) of equality between all the sections of the society d) of peace among the labourers and the employers 4. Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A): During the Industrial Revolution, workers in the factories faced sickness and death. Reason (R): Factories lacked safety regulations and had poor ventilation. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false. (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true. 5. Do you think the children were exploited by the factory owners?Explain. 6. According to the passage, which image describes the terrible condition of the children?